278 lines
12 KiB
Python
278 lines
12 KiB
Python
import argparse
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import asyncio
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import logging
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from pathlib import Path
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from typing import Optional
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from playwright.async_api import async_playwright, Page, Browser
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# 初始化日志
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Path("log").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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LOG_PATH = Path("log") / "scihub_downloader.log"
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logging.basicConfig(
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level=logging.INFO,
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format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s",
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handlers=[logging.FileHandler(LOG_PATH, encoding="utf-8"), logging.StreamHandler()],
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)
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logger = logging.getLogger("scihub")
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async def _wait_for_user_to_solve_challenge(page: Page):
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logger.info("请在浏览器中完成验证（如果需要），完成后按回车继续...")
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await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(None, input)
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async def _try_click_robot_button(page: Page, headless: bool) -> bool:
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"""尝试点击验证按钮（可选步骤，如果找不到则直接继续）"""
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selectors = ["text=/are you a robot/i", "div.ask", "div.altcha-checkbox", "text=Are you a robot"]
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for sel in selectors:
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try:
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loc = page.locator(sel)
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if await loc.count() > 0:
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logger.info(f"找到验证元素，尝试点击: {sel}")
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try:
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await loc.first.click()
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except Exception as e:
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try:
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await page.click(sel)
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except Exception as click_err:
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logger.warning(f"点击验证元素失败: {click_err}")
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pass
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await page.wait_for_timeout(1500)
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# 等待可能的导航/重定向
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try:
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await page.wait_for_navigation(timeout=8000)
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logger.info("点击验证后检测到导航完成")
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except Exception:
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await page.wait_for_timeout(500)
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# 如果出现需要人工的 captcha，提示用户
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if any("recaptcha" in f.url for f in page.frames):
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if not headless:
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await _wait_for_user_to_solve_challenge(page)
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.debug(f"尝试点击验证元素失败: {sel}: {e}")
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logger.info("页面上未发现验证按钮，直接继续")
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return False
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async def _click_no_button(page: Page) -> bool:
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"""尝试点击 'No' 按钮（可选步骤，如果找不到则直接继续）"""
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# 精确匹配 <div class="answer" onclick="check()">No</div>
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selectors = ["div.answer[onclick=\"check()\"]", "div.answer:has-text('No')", "text=No"]
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for sel in selectors:
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try:
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loc = page.locator(sel)
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if await loc.count() > 0:
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logger.info(f"找到 'No' 元素，尝试点击: {sel}")
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try:
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await loc.first.click()
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except Exception as e:
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try:
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await page.click(sel)
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except Exception as click_err:
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logger.warning(f"点击 'No' 失败: {click_err}")
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pass
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await page.wait_for_timeout(1200)
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# 点击 No 后也可能触发重定向
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try:
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await page.wait_for_navigation(timeout=8000)
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logger.info("点击 No 后检测到导航完成")
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except Exception:
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pass
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# 保存结果用于排查
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try:
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await page.screenshot(path="after_click_no.png", full_page=True)
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html = await page.content()
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with open("after_click_no.html", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
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f.write(html)
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logger.info("已保存 after_click_no.png / after_click_no.html")
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("保存点击 No 的结果失败")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.debug(f"检查 'No' 按钮时出错: {sel}: {e}")
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logger.info("页面上未发现 'No' 按钮")
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return False
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async def download_pdf_with_playwright(url: str, output: str = "paper.pdf", headless: bool = False) -> Optional[bytes]:
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async with async_playwright() as p:
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browser: Browser = await p.chromium.launch(headless=headless)
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context = await browser.new_context(viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080})
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page = await context.new_page()
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pdf_content: Optional[bytes] = None
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async def on_response(response):
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nonlocal pdf_content
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try:
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ct = response.headers.get("content-type", "")
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if "application/pdf" in ct:
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logger.info(f"捕获到 PDF 响应: {response.url}")
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pdf_content = await response.body()
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("处理响应时出错")
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page.on("response", on_response)
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try:
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logger.info(f"打开: {url}")
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await page.goto(url, wait_until="networkidle")
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await page.wait_for_timeout(1000)
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# 尝试点击验证 & No
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await _try_click_robot_button(page, headless)
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await _click_no_button(page)
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# 点击后充分等待以让页面加载和触发PDF响应
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logger.info("等待页面加载和PDF响应...")
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await page.wait_for_timeout(3000)
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# 尝试主动等待PDF响应（点击后可能会自动加载或重定向触发PDF请求）
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if not pdf_content:
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try:
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await page.wait_for_response(
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lambda r: "application/pdf" in r.headers.get("content-type", ""),
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timeout=5000,
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)
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logger.info("捕获到主动等待的 PDF 响应")
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except Exception:
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logger.info("主动等待 PDF 响应超时，继续其他方式")
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# 尝试通过页面下载按钮
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download_selectors = ["a[href*='.pdf']", "button:has-text('Download')", "a:has-text('PDF')"]
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for sel in download_selectors:
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try:
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if await page.locator(sel).count() > 0:
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logger.info(f"尝试点击下载元素: {sel}")
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async with page.expect_download() as di:
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await page.click(sel)
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download = await di.value
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await download.save_as(output)
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logger.info(f"已保存 PDF: {output}")
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with open(output, "rb") as f:
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pdf_content = f.read()
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break
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except Exception:
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logger.exception(f"通过选择器下载失败: {sel}")
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# 回退：查找页面内 PDF 链接并直接访问
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if not pdf_content:
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logger.info("尝试查找页面内 PDF 链接")
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try:
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links = await page.eval_on_selector_all("a[href]", "els => els.map(e=>e.href)")
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candidates = [u for u in links if ".pdf" in u]
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if candidates:
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pdf_url = candidates[0]
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logger.info(f"直接访问 PDF 链接: {pdf_url}")
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resp = await page.goto(pdf_url, wait_until="networkidle")
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if resp and resp.status == 200:
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pdf_content = await resp.body()
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with open(output, "wb") as f:
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f.write(pdf_content)
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logger.info(f"已保存 PDF: {output}")
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("直接访问 PDF 链接失败")
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if pdf_content:
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logger.info(f"下载成功，大小: {len(pdf_content)} bytes")
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return pdf_content
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else:
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logger.warning("未能获取 PDF，已保存页面快照供排查")
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try:
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await page.screenshot(path="scihub_screenshot.png", full_page=True)
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html = await page.content()
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with open("scihub_page.html", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
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f.write(html)
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("保存调试信息失败")
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return None
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finally:
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try:
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await context.close()
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("关闭 context 失败")
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try:
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await browser.close()
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except Exception:
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logger.exception("关闭 browser 失败")
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def download_paper_by_doi(doi: str, output: Optional[str] = None, headless: bool = True) -> tuple[bool, str]:
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"""
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通过 DOI 下载论文 PDF（供 task 调用）
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参数：
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doi: DOI 字符串，例如 "10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.091"
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output: 输出文件路径（默认基于 DOI 生成，格式：10.1016_j.xxx.pdf）
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headless: 是否无头模式（默认 True）
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返回：
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(True, "文件路径") 如果成功
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(False, "scihub_error_*: 错误详情") 如果失败，错误码前缀包括：
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- scihub_error_empty_doi: DOI 为空
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- scihub_error_timeout: 网页加载超时
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- scihub_error_load_failed: 加载页面失败
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- scihub_error_pdf_not_found: 无法获取 PDF
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- scihub_error_exception: 其他异常
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"""
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try:
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doi = doi.strip()
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if not doi:
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err = "scihub_error_empty_doi: DOI 为空"
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logger.error(err)
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return False, err
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url = f"https://sci-hub.st/{doi}"
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output_path = output or f"{doi.replace('/', '_')}.pdf"
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logger.info(f"开始下载 DOI: {doi}")
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logger.info(f"目标 URL: {url}")
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logger.info(f"输出文件: {output_path}")
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try:
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pdf_content = asyncio.run(download_pdf_with_playwright(url, output=output_path, headless=headless))
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except asyncio.TimeoutError as e:
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err = f"scihub_error_timeout: 网页加载超时（可能网络慢或网站不可用）"
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logger.error(err)
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return False, err
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except Exception as e:
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err = f"scihub_error_load_failed: 加载页面时出错 - {str(e)}"
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logger.exception(err)
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return False, err
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if pdf_content:
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logger.info(f"✓ 成功下载: {output_path} ({len(pdf_content)} bytes)")
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return True, output_path
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else:
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# PDF 内容为空，说明所有获取方式都失败
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err = f"scihub_error_pdf_not_found: 无法从 Sci-Hub 获取 PDF（可能 DOI 不存在、网站不可用、或无权限访问）"
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logger.error(err)
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return False, err
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except Exception as e:
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err = f"scihub_error_exception: 执行下载时发生异常 - {str(e)}"
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logger.exception(err)
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return False, err
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def _parse_args():
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p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="简化的 Sci-Hub PDF 下载器，支持 DOI")
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p.add_argument("--doi", help="DOI，例如 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.091")
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p.add_argument("-o", "--output", help="输出文件名（默认基于 DOI）")
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p.add_argument("--headless", action="store_true", help="无头模式")
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return p.parse_args()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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args = _parse_args()
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if not args.doi:
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logger.error("请通过 --doi 提供 DOI")
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raise SystemExit(1)
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success, msg = download_paper_by_doi(args.doi, output=args.output, headless=args.headless)
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if success:
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logger.info(f"完成: {msg}")
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else:
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logger.error(f"失败: {msg}")
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raise SystemExit(1)
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