diff --git a/apps/qm/migrations/0050_alter_defect_cate.py b/apps/qm/migrations/0050_alter_defect_cate.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d1216389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/qm/migrations/0050_alter_defect_cate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2.12 on 2025-04-23 05:45
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('qm', '0049_alter_ptest_sample_number'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name='defect',
+            name='cate',
+            field=models.CharField(help_text="['尺寸', '外观', '内质', '性能']", max_length=50, verbose_name='分类'),
+        ),
+    ]
diff --git a/apps/qm/models.py b/apps/qm/models.py
index 5abe5f40..a017f119 100644
--- a/apps/qm/models.py
+++ b/apps/qm/models.py
@@ -14,9 +14,10 @@ class Defect(CommonAModel):
     DEFECT_OK = 10
     DEFECT_OK_B  = 20
     DEFECT_NOTOK = 30
+    cate_list = ["尺寸", "外观", "内质", "性能"]
     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="名称")
     code = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="标识", null=True, blank=True)
-    cate = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="分类", choices=(("尺寸", "尺寸"), ("外观", "外观"), ("内质", "内质")))
+    cate = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="分类", help_text=str(cate_list))
     okcate= models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="不合格分类", 
                                                choices=((DEFECT_OK, "合格"), (DEFECT_OK_B, "合格B类"), (DEFECT_NOTOK, "不合格")), 
                                                default=DEFECT_NOTOK)
diff --git a/apps/qm/serializers.py b/apps/qm/serializers.py
index a1dbeff4..872f1826 100644
--- a/apps/qm/serializers.py
+++ b/apps/qm/serializers.py
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ class DefectSerializer(CustomModelSerializer):
         model = Defect
         fields = '__all__'
         read_only_fields = EXCLUDE_FIELDS
+    
+    def validate(self, attrs):
+        cate = attrs["cate"]
+        if cate not in Defect.cate_list:
+            raise ParseError("缺陷类别错误")
+        return attrs
 
     # def create(self, validated_data):
     #     code = validated_data["code"]